Water Management Tools Identification & Their Uses

Parshall Flume

Use:- open channel type water measuring device. That gives reasonable accurate measurement flow of water.

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Triangular Weir (90°-V Notch)

Use:- used to measure small flow of water.

Discharge measuring Formula:- Q=0.0138LH5/2.

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Rectangular Weir

Use:- used to measure comparatively large discharge of water.

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Trapezoidal Weir (Cipoletti Weir)

Use:- used to measure medium discharge of water.

Discharge measuring Formula:- Q=0.0186LH3/2

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Water Meter

Use:- to indicate the total volume of water

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Aluminium Moisture Box

Use:- to collect the Moist soil sample.

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End Cap

Use:- to stop the flow of water

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Jointer

Use:- To connect the two lateral pipes.

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Tee

Use:- to connect the three lateral pipes.

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Gurmmit Takeoff

Use:- to connect lateral to main.

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Sprinkler Nozzle

Use:- to spray the water. At 360° angle deposit of water uniformly.

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Dripper or Emitter

Use:- to emit the water drop by drop.

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Microtubes

Use:- to emit the water slowly.

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Lateral Pipe

Diameter:- 25mm to 75mm in diameter.

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Fogger

Use:- to uniform distribution of water to control temperature.

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Micro Sprinkler

Use:- low quantity of water despose uniformly.

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Physical Balance

Use:- weight the soil sample.

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Tensiometer

Use:- for scheduling irrigation in orchard & garden.

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Scrow Augar

Use:- Collect the moist soil sample from different depths.

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Post Hole Auger

Use:- used to dig narrow holes to install posts, such as for fencing and sign.

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Wheat Straw

Use:- used for mulching.

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Water Requirement & Critical Stage of Vegetable, Fruit and Agronomical crops.

Potato   Water Requirement:- 500-700mm Critical Stage:- Tuber initiation to tuber maturity.	Tomato   Water Requirement:- 600-800mm Critical Stage:- Flowering and fruit initiation time.
Cauliflower   Water Requirement:- 380-500mm Critical Stage:- Curd formation and enlargement.	Cabbage   Water Requirement:- 380-500mm Critical Stage:- Head initiation and enlargement.
Onion   Water Requirement:- 350-550mm Critical Stage:- Bulb formation to maturity.	Chilli   Water Requirement:- 500mm Critical Stage:- Tenth leaf to Flowering, fruit development & after periodical harvests.
Groundnut   Water Requirement:- 550-650mm Critical Stage:- Flowering, Pegging, Pod filling.	Brinjal Water Requirement:- 500-900mm Critical Stage:- Flowering, fruit development & after each harvest.
Cucumber Water Requirement:- 380-630mm Critical Stage:- Flowering & fruit development.	Okra Water Requirement:- 380-500mm Critical Stage:- Flowering & Pod development.
Leafy Vegetables   Water Requirement:- 250-380mm Critical Stage:- Entire crop duration.	Mango   Water Requirement:- 30-40 litter/plant/day Critical Stage:- Reproductive stage, Fruiting to maturity.
Citrus   Water Requirement:- 900-1200mm Critical Stage:- Flowering, fruit setting, fruit growth.	Grapes   Water Requirement:- 500-1200mm Critical Stage:- Vegetative growth.
Coconut Water Requirement:- 80-100 litter/plant/day Critical Stage:- Nuts formative stage.	Guava   Water Requirement:- 22-30 litter/plant/day Critical Stage:- Period of fruit growth.
Banana   Water Requirement:- 1200-2200mm (8-12 litter/plant/day) Critical Stage:- Early vegetative period Flowering & fruit formation.	Rice   Water Requirement:- 1250-1500mm Critical Stage:- Booting, Panicle initiation, Flowering
Wheat   Water Requirement:- 650-800mm Critical Stage:- C.R.I stage, Jointing, Milking	Sugarcane   Water Requirement:- 1500-2500mm Critical Stage:- Formative stage.
Sunflower Water Requirement:- 350-500mm Critical Stage:- from roselte to flowering.	Maize/Corn   Water Requirement:- 500-800mm Critical Stage:- Silking & Tasseling.
Cotton   Water Requirement:- 700-1300mm Critical Stage:- Flowering, Bill formation.	Pulses   Water Requirement:- 350-450mm Critical Stage:- Flowering & Pod filling.
Bajra   Water Requirement:- 250-350mm Critical Stage:- Flowering, Panicle initiation.	Sorghum   Water Requirement:- 450-650 Critical Stage:- Seedling, Flowering.